Spinning unit



W. F. BIRD SPINNING UNIT Aug. 7, 1934.

Filed Oct. 26, 1933 FIG I W I TNESSES:

A TTORNEYS.

Patented Aug. 7, 1934 PATENT o FicE" SPINNING UNIT -Whitworth 'F. Bird, Springfield, Pa., assignor to Collins & Ailnnan"Co1 por'ation, Philadelphia, Pa.,-a corporation'of Delaware Application October 26, 1933, 'Serial "No. 695,255

' 7 5 Claims. (01.118-49) This. invention relates to spinning units; and it .hasreference more particularly to spinning units for capospinning or twisting machines wherein :the. roving :or the thread, in leaving the 5 "draft or delivery rolls 'of the machine, "passes downward exteriorly of the cap and around 'the :bottom edge of the latter'enroute'to a coaxiallysupported rotating. and traversing bobbin, and twisted :intoyarn by incidentally induced gyra- 0 tion about :the cap. yDueto'eXcessive ballooning of r the :gyrating :segment .of the roving 'or thread and .thedrag' imposed upon it as it turns Sharply about the lower-edge of the .capunder the high rotative speed of the bobbin, it is'weakened'and often strained beyond its tensile-strength to the ;point.of "rupture. Furthermore, due to air fric- PtiOnaand tosimpact of the roving or thread with theseparator'susually employed in the spinning :ortwisting machines between adjacent spinning units of a series,:'many of the component fibers 0f the roving or thread become detached or displaced, and, as airesult, they-are either released or not properly incorporatedduring the twisting of the yarn. Another diificulty peculiar to cap spinning is that, under the terrific air friction attending rapid rotation of the bobbin, the outer layers of thefyarn on' the latter become frayed with consequent further disturbance and displacement of the fibers. Yarn formed under L530 the described conditions is rough and hairy,

and resists subsequent withdrawal irom the bobbin by-reason of the entanglement of its loose and'projecting'fibers. Such yarn moreover gives "rise fto considerabletrouble in weaving, and fab- "ric woven therefrom is invariably unsatisfactory from the standpoint of appearance and finish,

and-often requires additional processing before itiscommercially;acceptable; we 'My invention is directedih the main toward overcoming the several' drawbacks which have been pointed out, that is to say: it has for its chief'objec't, the'provision of simple and reliable means in connection with cap spinning units whereby the ballooning of the roving or thread is effectively controlled and release or displacement of the component fibers by impact and air friction minimized, and whereby the gyration of the free segment is more positively induced with easement of the strain on the roving or thread and assurance against the possibility of its being Another advantage of my invention is that it makes feasible capspinning at higher speeds this invention will be manifest from the detailed -6 trations, thenumeral 4 designates the vertical spindle of the spinning or twisting unit, said than heretofore possible, with corresponding increasein production. r I 7 Further objects and attendant advantages of A description following of the attached drawing, wherein Fig. I is a vertical sectional elevation-of a cap spinning or twisting unit embodying the present improvements,'the' parts of the unit-being shown in the positions which they respectively occupy at the-completion of aspinning or twisting cycle.

Fig. II is a view like Fig. I-showing the parts of the unit in the positions which they occupy at the beginning-of a "spinning or twisting cycle; and I Fig. III is "a crosssection taken as indicated by the arrows -IIIIII in Fig. II.-

" With more specific reference to 'these illusspindle being threaded at its lower endasiat 5 7 and screwed into the stationary spindle rail 6as usual. The upper end of the spindle 14 is tapered, as at '7, to-support an upwardly-removable self-centering stationary cap 8 which has an axial bore 9 in'the rounded-top of its "downwardly flaringhollow conical body-portion 10 fitting thetaperG of said spindle.- The bottom edge 11 of the cap 8 is suitably smoothed to. preclude chafing of the roving or"thread*12 which is being twisted as it passes from the-drive or delivery rolls (not shown) of the spinning or twisting machine to the bobbin 13 whereon' the twisted yarn iscollected. The bobbin 13 is of V the axially-hollow-type and fits over the tubular mon practice, the whirl'15 is supported by a traversing rail 18, which; during'each spinning or twisting cycle, is moved up and down in any suitable manner to determine any desired type M of wind of the yarn on the bobbin 13. As shown, 10 the bobbin 13 rests on the supporting surface,

19 of the whirl 15, and has a key drive connection at 20 with said surface.

In order to adapt a spinning unit such as dem scribed to the purposes of my invention, I form "1' the whirl 15 with an open-topped upward hollow cylindric cup-like extension 21.' This extension 21 is illustrated as having a height substantially equal to that of the bobbin 13, but this dimension may be varied in practice accord '11'0 ing to the style of bobbin and kind of material being spun or twisted, for attainment of the best results. The extension 21,'moreover has a diameter which determines. a substantial annular 'interval 22 around thebobbin 13 capable of telescopically receiving the cap 8, as shown in Fig. II, incident to the traversing movement of the whirl 15. k t

In the operation of the unit, the roving or thread 12 emoute downward from the draft or delivery rolls (not shown) of the spinning or twisting machine, passes over the top edge 23 of the cup-like extension 21 of the whirl 15 and into the interval 22 between the wall of said extension and the cap 8, eventually turning sharply about the lower edge of said cap into.

tangential relation with the bobbin 13 as shown in Fig. III. Under thehigh speed rotation of the bobbin 13 and by virtue of frictional contact with the bottom edge 11'of the cap 8, the roving or thread 12 is caused to gyrate about said cap and is thereby twisted before it is taken by the bobbin. It is however to be noted here that, in passing to'the bobbin, the roving or thread 12 is restrained against excessive ballooning as a consequence of contact with the inner surface of the cup-like extension 21 of the whirl'15. Thus in effect, the extension 21 constitutes a guard about the bobbin 13, rotating in unison with the latter and thereby effectively assisting gyration of the free segment of the roving or thread 12. As a result of this cooperation of the cup-like extension of the whirl, the roving or thread 12 is relieved of undue strain such as might tend to rupture it, while the possibility of disturbance or displacement of;its

component fibers by air friction or beating is reduced to a minimum. A further advantage resulting from the guard extension 20 of the whirl 15 is that a dead air space 22 is provided around the bobbin within the extension,

the air necessarily partaking of the rotary velocity of the whirl and thus precluding loosening of the fibers of the outer layers-of the twisted yarnon the bobbin by counteracting frictional action of the air. I r My invention is obviously applicable to spinning units wherein the cap is traversed in respect to the bobbin with attainment of advantages equal in all respects tothose hereinbefore pointedout. in connection with the illustrated organization. 7

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In. a spinning unit for cap spinning or twisting .machines, a non-rotating spindle; a coaxial whirl for the bobbin onto which the twisted yarn is wound; a coaxial cap non-rotatively supported bythe spindle, said cap and whirl having relative traversingmovement; and a revolving-annular guard capable of telescopically receiving the cap and functioning as a contact surface about the bobbin to restrain the roving or thread against excessive ballooning as it passes downward exteriorly of the cap and beneath the bottom edge of the latter on its way to the bobbin, and to assist gyration of the roving or thread around the cap.

2. In a spinning unit for cap spinning or twisting machines, a non-rotating spindle; a coaxialwhirl for the bobbin ohtowh'ich the twisted yarn is wound; a coaxial cap non-rotatively supported by the spindle, said cap and whirl having relative traversing movement; and

an annular guard revolving in unison with the whirl capable of telescopically receiving the cap and functioning-as a contact surface about the bobbin to restrain the roving or thread against excessive ballooning as it passes downward exteriorly of the cap and beneath the bottom edge of the latter on its way to the bobbin, and to assist gyration of ,the roving or thread around the cap.

3. In a spinning unit for cap-spinning or twisting machines; a. non-rotating: spindle; a coaxial cap non-rotatively supportedby the spindle and a coaxial whirl for the bobbin onto which the twisted yarn'is wound, said whirl having a hollow open-topped cylindric upward cup-like extension capable of telescopically receiving the cap and functioning as a revolving contact guard about the bobbin to restrain the roving or thread against. excessive ballooningas'it passes downward exteriorly of the cap and beneath the bottom edge ofthe latter on its way.to. the bobbin, and to assist gyration of theroving or thread around the cap.

4. In a spinning unit .for capspinning or twisting machines, a' non-rotating'splndle; .a coaxial whirl for the bobbin onto which the twisted yarn is wound; a coaxial cap :non-rotatively supported by the spindle,said cap and whirl havingrelative traversing. movement; and a cylindric guard revolving in unisonwith the whirl anddefining a circumferential interspace around the bobbin in which the entrained air is obliged to partake of the rotative velocity of the whirl, thereby counteracting frictional action of the outer air-and preventing frayingiof the outer layers of yarn on the bobbin.

5. In a spinning: unit .for can spinning or twisting machines, a stationary spindle; a coaxial cap non-rotatively supported by the spindle; and a coaxial traversing whirl for the bobbin onto which the twisted yarn is wound, having a hollow cylindric open-topped upwardcup-like extensioncapable of telescopicallyreceiving the cap with provision of a circumferentialinterspace around the bobbin entraining air which is obliged to partakerof the rotativevelocityv of the whirl, thereby counteracting frictional action of the outer air and preventing fraying of the outer layers of yarn on the; bobbin. I

WHI'rwoR'rn F. Bran. 

